J. A. Viator, S. A. Prahl, SPIE Proceedings of Laser-Tissue Interaction IX, 3254, 287-291 (1998).
A frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm with pulse durations of 2, 5, and 10 ms was used to ablate blood clot phantoms. The clot phantoms were prepared with 3.5% (175 Bloom) gel and Direct Red 81 dye to have an absorption coefficient of 150 cm−1. Ablation thresholds were determined by a fluorescent technique using flash photography to detect the gel surface. The threshold was 15±2 mJ/mm2 and corresponded to calculated temperatures of 80±10°C. Ablation efficiency experiments were conducted at 20 mJ. Ablation efficiencies were approximately 1.7±0.1 μg/mJ for the millisecond pulses and were comparable to previously published efficiencies for ablation of clot with a 1 microsecond pulsed dye laser.
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